- By: Anastasiia Monakova
- Solar PV panels
- Updated: Sep 18, 2025
Cybertruck solar panels: powering your electric beast with sunshine
Deep-cycle RV batteries feature thicker lead plates for sustained discharge cycles versus automotive starting batteries. This construction delivers 500-5000 cycles depending on chemistry, compared to 20-30 cycles for starting batteries in house battery service.
Convert all consumption to amp-hours: divide wattage by 12V, multiply by daily runtime hours.
Example calculation: A 120-watt refrigerator running 40% duty cycle (9.6 hours) consumes 96Ah daily. Add furnace blower (28Ah), LED lighting (6Ah), water pump (2.5Ah), and entertainment (24Ah) for a total of approximately 156.5Ah daily consumption.
Days of autonomy = usable battery capacity ÷ daily consumption
400Ah lithium (360Ah usable at 90%) ÷ 160Ah = 2.25 days
400Ah AGM (200Ah usable at 50%) ÷ 160Ah = 1.25 days
⚠️ Air Conditioning Reality: 13,500 BTU AC draws 100-125A. Running 4 hours daily requires 400-500Ah—impractical without generator or 800-1200Ah lithium system.
✅ When lithium makes sense: 100 camping nights annually, full-time RVers, weight-critical applications
✅ When AGM makes sense: 20-60 nights yearly, weekend warriors, existing compatible charging systems
Size batteries for continuous loads (refrigeration, climate control) operating hours daily, not brief appliance peak surges. A microwave drawing 100A for 10 minutes consumes only 16Ah daily.
Battle Born Batteries, Leading LiFePO4 Manufacturer
Lithium advantage emerges for 10 year ownership. Weekend warriors using RVs 5-7 years pay premium for unused cycle life.
Cold weather dramatically reduces battery capacity. At 32°F, lithium maintains 95% capacity while AGM drops to 70-80%. At 0°F, lithium retains 85% but AGM plummets to 50-60%. This transforms a 400Ah AGM bank into just 200-240Ah effective capacity during freezing weather.
Critical limitation: Lithium BMS disables charging below 32°F to prevent damage, though discharge continues to -4°F. AGM charging becomes severely limited below freezing. Both chemistries operate at full 100% capacity at 77°F rated temperature.
Pre-2018 RV converters require replacement ($300-$600) with lithium-compatible models from Progressive Dynamics, WFCO, or Victron. Solar controllers from Victron, Morningstar, and Renogy include lithium profiles requiring only menu programming ($0 upgrade cost). Alternator charging needs DC-DC chargers ($400-$700) for regulated voltage delivery.
Key voltage settings: Lithium requires 14.2-14.6V bulk charging with 13.4-13.6V float, compared to lead-acid's 14.4-14.8V bulk and 13.2-13.4V float.
200Ah AGM provides 100Ah usable (50% safe discharge). 100Ah lithium battery provides 90Ah usable (90% discharge). A lithium battery at half the rated capacity delivers nearly identical functional capacity to AGM.
AGM claiming 1000 cycles at 30% discharge versus lithium claiming 3000 cycles at 80% discharge cannot be directly compared. Premium lithium delivers 3000-5000 cycles at 80% depth. Quality AGM provides 400-600 cycles at 50% depth, translating to 8-12 year lithium service versus 3-5 years AGM under equivalent daily cycling.
Charge acceptance determines recharge time. Lithium accepts 0.5-1.0C (200Ah battery absorbs 100-200A). AGM accepts 0.2-0.3C (200Ah limited to 40-60A). This directly impacts solar panel sizing since slow-charging AGM requires oversized arrays for adequate recharge speed during limited sunlight hours.
Maintain charge above 50% for lead-acid, 20% for lithium. Install battery monitors (Victron, Magnum, Bogart) tracking amp-hours consumed—voltage-based estimates prove inaccurate during discharge.
Apply dielectric grease to terminals. Annual inspection and retightening prevents high-resistance connections causing voltage drop during high-current loads.
Lead-acid requires periodic equalization charging. Lithium requires no maintenance charging beyond normal cycling.
Bottom Line
Weekend warriors optimize value with AGM at 20-60 nights yearly. Full-timers and frequent boondockers (100 nights) gain quantifiable ROI from lithium through extended cycle life, weight savings, and fast recharging.
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