When it comes to solar panel marine installation, space is the primary concern. This is why sailors come up with all sorts of ideas about where to put solar panels. They clip panels to a stern rail, attach them to the deck, install PV modules on canvas and even on sails.
Shading is a common problem with boat solar panel installation. The mast, the flag, the sails – anything can cast a shadow on your panels and greatly decrease their performance. This is why solar panels on boats are often connected in parallel: if one panel stops working, it doesn't affect the others.
Direction and angle are crucial for solar panel performance. In the USA panels generate maximum energy when they
face south at 30-45 degree angle. However, a boat constantly moves around, so there is no catch-all solution. Just keep in mind that it is best to keep panels perpendicular to the sunlight.